Upon arriving at Joint Base Andrews, President Xi and his wife were greeted by a 21-gun salute and a military band, and received flowers from American children, according to Chinese state-run news outlet Xinhua.
President Trump called Xi a "great leader" and the occasion a "great moment", reports the BBC quoting Xinhua.
Xi, delivering a written statement, said both China and the US are "great nations, and their people are great people".
"The two countries should be partners rather than rivals," the state news outlet reported Xi as saying.
"Realising the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation and making America great again can fully coexist, reinforce each other and benefit the world."
The two leaders last met in May in China, where Trump received a grand ceremonial welcome from Xi at Beijing's Great Hall of the People, complete with a gun salute and a band playing the US national anthem.
But theatrics aside, the summit produced few tangible results aside from China's purchase of 200 Boeing planes and several pledges on trade, including increased access for American farmers to the Chinese market.
Analyst Pattie Kim described the trip as "thin on concrete commitments".
Speaking to the Brookings Institute, Kim said that ahead of the summit, there had been "a lot of concern going in that Trump might take a step to shift the US' policy on Taiwan… something that the Chinese have long wanted".
And though that didn't happen, Trump did caution Taiwan in an interview with Fox News after the summit and warned against formally declaring independence from China.
The US president was also full of praise for Xi, and told reporters on board Air Force One following the visit: "President Xi is an incredible guy, we got along, we made a lot of great trade deals."
